Geophysical Characterization of Mining-Induced Complex Geological Deformations in a Deep Coalmine

Abstract In this paper, a new way of characterizing the mining-driven complex geological deformations is presented by utilizing continuous real-time microseismic (MS) data acquired through passive seismological monitoring. The was processed, and source parameters were computed encompassing over 60,000 MS events. correlation between events regional stratigraphy reveals that Upper Middle Xishanyao Formations substantially contributed to induced seismicity. Most high-energy (>3000 J) are located 1200 1400 m in coal seams above, indicative formation macrofracture roof rock layers perturbing limits required for equilibrium state structure. Taking advantage recorded events, large number fractures mapped interpreted associated lineaments their deformation mechanism discussed. with energy showed an extremely erratic complicated pattern revealing different levels accumulated stress. Based on orientation geometry, classified into two broad systems provided guidance determining propagation directions deformation. in-depth analysis lineaments, fault identified length>700 various splays oriented serving as tool engineering. An upsurged shear stress decreased normal along may lead enhanced Furthermore, total 5 vulnerable zones example offering insights worldwide geohazard assessments.